As the Shah rulers conquered more territories and people, the concept of caste hierarchy more firmly applied as an organizing principle to consolidate diverse people under their authority. enumerators interviewed 1072 adults from 14 districts of Nepal in March and April of . The Dalits who constitute 12.8 percent of the total population of the country have no representation in the higher echelons of power' (Gurung, H. 2006). Due to this people marry in their caste and avoid same gotra. History JethaBuda Jaya Baniya JethaBuda Jaya Baniyawas a great warrior who played . Chhetris, who look like the Brahmins also have an Indo-Aryan origin, have been traditionally classified as warriors and administrators. Among those 73.8% in higher education belong to the BCN, 22.0% Janajatis and 2.9% Dalit.[21]. We may not think about the meaning or significance of our surname, but it can actually tell us a lot about our family history. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. In rare instances a representative photo may be used. Now, they usually marry later, but still do not begin living with their husbands until they have matured. Dalit Mahottari district during July-December, 2014. The Atri gotra came from Anasuya Devi and Brahmarshi Atri. Historically, Kshetri has been part of the some of the powerful Pahari empires as Khas Empire and Gorkha Empire. If a Brahmin marry Baishya(Mongoloids, Chettri, Newars etc) then the couple automatically considered . Due to this people marry in their caste and avoid same gotra. The surnames which have Maudagalya gotra are Karki, Kuinkel, Upreti, Koirala, Simkhada, Timalsina. They have played a more dominant role than have any other group in the formation of the modern Nepalese state. For military and ruling class in Hinduism, see. If these major three communities (upper-caste Khas (Bahun & Chhetri) and upper-caste Newars (Shresthas) or the 'BCN' combine their shares in the Government of Nepal, civil service employment is 89.2% in 1991. _"There are 125 caste/ethnic groups reported in the census 2011. [24], Chhetri had dominated high military positions and monopolized the military force at the times of Chhetri autocratic administrators like PM Bhimsen Thapa and PM Jung Bahadur Rana. Despite the forceful integration by the state into the pan-Hindu social structure, the traditionally non-Hindu groups and tribes do not necessarily adhere to the customs and practices of the caste system. [6] All of the Prime Minister of Nepal between 1768 and 1950 were Chhetris with the exception of Ranga Nath Poudyal, being a Brahmin. That's approximately 4.3 percent of the total Indian . Pandes were supported by Basnyats due to blood relations. All of these groups have held onto their traditional animistic beliefs (a belief that non-human objects have spirits). The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. During the next year, the shraddha ceremony, which must be carried out by the son of the deceased, is celebrated. Similarly, Chhetris composed of 38.1%, 54.3% and 55.3% of the senior officers in the year 2003, 2004 and 2007 respectively. If you want to get more content related to this tell us in the comment section below. For example; Those having maternal clan as Khilchine Adhikari Chhetri cannot marry in the clan of Khilchine Adhikari Bahun as there is brotherhood between these clans. Profile. [20], Participation of Khas-Brahmins in the civil service is 41.3% in spite of its population size of 12.2%. [23] In terms of education, 88.0% of Khas Brahmins & Chhetris, and Newars have access to school, 12.0% have never been to school. This page article shows the composition of each proposed federal state in terms of ethnic groups in Nepal, based on 2011 census data. Often, however, also unrelated persons, including strangers, are entitled to the same terms. Only men are made as priests. According to 1854 Muluki Ain (Legal Code) of Nepal, Kshetris belong to sacred thread bearers (Yagyopavit) and twice born (Dvija) Hindus.[1]. Caste is broader term used to represent certain group of people like - poudel, basnet, neupane, khadka, shrestha etc. A family dying man takes to the river, all rivers are considered sacred. There are many rites of passage for children, such as the first rice feeding and the first haircut. For example, Buddha Ratna Shakya in which Buddha is the first name, Ratna is the middle name and Shakya is a surname. Nepal is said to be a harmonious garden of 4 castes and 36 ethnicities. Kshetri commonly have warrior like deities as Bhadrakali, Kalika Bhawani and different forms of Goddess Kali as female deity and Rudra, Veerbhadra (ferocious forms of Shiva) as male deity. - Few evangelicals and few who identify as Christians. according to their caste. Kaushik is a popular patri-clan for the Brahmin and Kshatriya. Danmeeshwarbhavashcha Kshatram Karma Swabhvajam. The legacy of parents passes only to the son. The Chhetri are considered the largest ethnic community in Nepal, comprising 16.6% of the population according to the 2011 census. Surnames are Karki, Marhatta, Kattel, Dhimal. Shukra Raj Shastri (1894-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. Offerings are made to these spirits in order to appease them. Nepalese girls were traditionally married before they reached the age of ten. Map Design: Joshua Project, Joshua Project data is drawn from many sources and of varying accuracy depending on source and editorial decisions. Men shave their heads for mourning. Surname > Caste/Community/Ethnicity > Clan/Sub-caste/Gotra 1. And in Nepal, caste wise there are three caste having surname Bhandari. He symbolizes the Ursa Major or the Great bear along with the seven stars surrounding it. There are . If we take it as nothing more than this, there is no reason to get offended. The source of Brahmin and Chhetrich income living in villages is cattle breeding and field cultivation. Much of the previously animist/tribal Khas population of the western Nepal region acquired the 'Chhetri' status in the 1850s with the proclamation by the Rana Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana, making Chhetris the most populous caste/tribe of Nepal. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=gnJuAAAAMAAJ, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=CVLeCQAAQBAJ, " , ", https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kshetri&oldid=8422524, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. [32] As per the explanation of legal provisions of Constitution of Nepal, Khas Arya comprises the Brahmin, Kshetri, Thakur and Sanyasi (Dashnami) communities. [5] The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. These were adapted by Kshetri community which includes exhibition of bravery and skill, prohibition of escaping any war, giving charity and Hindu governance. The Nepalese have many racial, cultural, and linguistic similarities to the people of northern India. The majority of the Chhetri (99%) belong to the Hindu religious group while the remaining minority is Buddhists. More than fifty (52.0%) of Hill Dalits, 47.0% of the Tarai Dalits, 48.0% of the Muslims and 30 percent of the Hill Adivasi Janajatis have never been to school. These various cultural groups belong to four distinct language groups: Maithili, Bajika, Bhojpuri, and Awadhi. Furthermore, many of us have little knowledge about the category of caste we fall into. Tiji Festival. These values were seen as a potent instrument of Rana political repression. Brahmins: The word Brahmin translates to "Supreme Self" or the first of the gods. After the rise Rana dynasty(Kunwars), the number changed to 10 Basnyats, 1 Pandes, 3 Thapas and 26 Kunwar officers totaling to 61 Chhetri officers in the year 1854 A.D.[19], Chhetris dominated the position of the senior officers of the Nepali Army comprising 74.4% of total senior officers in 1967. Everyone is taking part in the harvest. They are excluded from and considered ritually unclean by the other classes of Hindus. Recommended Links:94 Intriguing Newari Surnames and Caste Based on their Traditional Occupation21 Bold Nepali Names as Surnames100 Popular Nepali Brahmin Surnames Or Last Names, By RegionThe fear of Inter-Caste Marriage in Nepal 5 reasons why it makes sense and 5 reasons why it does not! They speak Nepali, which is the country's official language. Ahntastic Adventures in Silicon Valley Then the cleansing ceremony is performed and the name is given. Register They donot practice maternal cousin marriages as Thakuri caste which is the basis of cultural distinction. Chhetri's Mother Sushila Chhetri played for the Nepal women's national team along with her twin sister. It is believed that in the twelfth century, during the Islamic invasion in India, Brahmins Brahmans emigrated to the western hills of Nepal. It identifies people from a particular group, and it is a broader term which represents themfor example- Shrestha, Basnet, Luitel, Soni and so on. It is a form of millennium old ancient worship continued till date. The population of Khas-Chhetris constitutes 17.6% but its participation is mere 14.7%. Values for %Christian Adherent and %Evangelical (which determine unreached status) are often informed estimates, some more accurate than others. Here's an article on gotra list with surnames in Nepal. The surname Khatri Chhetri in actual is the misinterpretation of the original name Katyuris Kshatriyas, which eventually changed a long time back . Moreover, there are concerns about Sagotri marriage practice not just culturally/ morally but from a scientific point of view as well. While Kshetri . The legal recognition to caste and all the discriminatory laws made on the grounds of caste were ceased. . 19.9% of the total district population). [10] It also solidified the supremacy of Kanyakubja Brahmin descendants like the Rajopadhyaya Brahmins over other priests like Maithil Brahmins. For further queries follow Tips Nepal and show some love. Thus, while it may be true that today's Chhetri of Nepal branched off from the Khas, what has happened is that the descendants of the original Khas remained distinct, remote and deprived like other janajati groups of the country. In the court struggle for power, Pande Khalaks and Thapa Khalaks were fierce opponents. December 11, 2022. Gurung, H. (2005). sabin basnet on May 16, 2022. khulal Basnet ko gotra chai k ho? However, a lot still do. The people of the Chhetri and Brahmin caste do not have artistic tendencies. This stands true especially in this modern era where the distinction between them is getting blurred. The Chhetri are divided into many descent groups with names variously associated with place-names in the Karnali region or representing occupations. [16] His grandson Bhimsen Thapa became Mukhtiyar (Prime Minister) of Nepal. Only the poorest families do not own land. - Few evangelicals, but many who identify as Christians. That caused Kunwars to rise to power and all Kshetris were thrown of power. What caste is Shahi in Nepal? In the Dewali Puja, Kshetris of the same clan give male goat sacrifices at a particular place. Most Kshetri families give goat sacrifices on either Maha Ashtami day or Maha Nawami day of Dashain festival. ), Khulal, Kshetri, Mahat, Mahatara, Pande/Pandey, Punwar, Pwar, Kunwar, Lama, Rana, Mhyak Rana, Ranabhat, Rayamajhi, Raya, Rathor, Raut, Rawat, Rawal, Rayamajhi, Rokaya/Rokka/Rokaha, Pulami, Silwal, Suyal, Swar, Sauka, Sijapati, Sinjapati, Sakya, Sutar, Saod, Saud, Tandon, Thapa etc. Nepal Profile. Another sage as per Hindu sacred texts is Maudagalya. 691. Then there are prayers for harvest and prosperity for a given year. The Mahabharat is one of the two major Blue is the color of all-inclusiveness. It will be pretty hard to identify someone if everyone had the same caste. Data is not as precise as it appears. Most houses have two or more stories. This group presents a complicated social structure that not only reflects the model of four Hindu varna categories and the unclean castes outside of it, but it is also clearly divided among the upper and lower Buddhist castes. Nowadays, however, the age of marriage to the late teenage period or even twenty-several years has been raised in both caste. [13], The social structure of the caste-origin Madhesi Hindu groups is complex, reflecting four varna groups with distinct hierarchical structure within them. Kashyap gotra, kaushik gotra, bhardwaj gotra, kaundinya gotra and more. Many historians called Kshetris as Decendents Of Magars. Newar lowest occupational castes Dom, Podhya, Chyamaha/Chandala, etc. The restructuring also yielded power to newly formed Malla aristocracy of the Chathariya Shrestha who formed the new powerful aristocratic caste of the Malla kingdom. gelal caste in nepal gelal caste in nepal (No Ratings Yet) . Gorkha-based aristocratic Chhetri families included the Pande dynasty, the Basnyat dynasty, the Kunwar family, and the Thapa dynasty, (Rana dynasty and other Kunwars). Regardless of which caste or ethnicity you belong to, it is just a form of identification but nothing more. Another important festival is the Tihar festival Dipavali, a festival of lights lasting five days. People from Vishwamitra/ Kaushika gotra use this word as a surname too. Boys usually tend to the animals. After two weeks, a great feast takes place. Chhetri. A displayed zero can mean true zero, a very small rounded number or sometimes unknown. They service the cutting and sale of chicken and goat meat, but they will not touch beef or buffalo meat, which they consider unclean. They have been working in different fields. Most of the farmers raise buffalo and goats for meat and cows for milk. Their population consists primarily of three castes, or social classes: the Brahmins (priests and scholars); the Kshatriyas (rulers and warriors); and the Achut (laborers and servants). Log In Today, some of the Newar brahmin castes like Jha, Mishra, and Bhatta are believed to be originated from Maithili. Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages). (Brahmin/Chhetri) and 40% among Dalits [11]. They are recognized for their bravery and administrative skills. [14], The most prominent feature of Nepalese Chhetri society has been the ruling Shah dynasty (17682008)[note 1], the Rana Prime Ministers (18461953), Pande family, Thapa family, Basnyat family,. Mandabya was a great sage as per Hindu texts. The daily agricultural work of the Brahmin and Chhetrich families is usually done jointly by men and women. Deepening Democracy: International Labour Organisation Convention 169 and Nepal's Democratic Transition, Nepal: Towards a Democratic Republic: Caste, Ethnicity and Inequality in Nepal, Material from this site has been borrowed for this article with the permission of Dr. Vepachedu, Interview with Ian Martin: Caste-Based Discrimination in Nepal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caste_system_in_Nepal&oldid=1114280098, Manandhar/Syami/Teli (oil-pressers and brewers), Pahari/Nagarkoti (farmers from outskirts), Khadgi, Naye, Kasai (butchers and musicians), Dyala, Pod, Chymaha/Chamhr (sweepers, fishermen), "Namasinya Matwali" (Non-enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), Newar - Hindu Panchthariya Srsthas and Buddhists Gubhaju/Bar (, "Masinya Matwali" (Enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Naparne" (Water-unacceptable but touchable), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Parne" (Water-unacceptable and untouchable), Nancy E. Levine. Dashain and Tihar are primary festivals of Pahadi Hindu castes. Madhusudan Subedi. This is connected with a few basic concepts in the Hindu religion: the first is dharma, meaning that everyone takes their place in the caste group, has a moral code and a code of conduct binding to him. We even met the owners of a butcher shop which is the domain of the lower caste declare belonging to a brahmana caste. (Gharti Chhetri), Basnyat/Basnet, Bham, Majhi, Mudula, Bhandari, Bista/Bisht, Budha, Budhathoki, Gaura bagale, Ghatala, Heita, Heta, Hetal, Chauhan, Thakulla, Thagunna, Chhetri, Dhami, D.C(Dangi Chhetri), Deoja, Kottari, Godar, Kalikote, Karki, Katawal, Khadga, Khadka, Kharka, Khati, Khati Khadka, Khadgaha, khaptari, berma, Kadayat, Kathayat, Khadka, Khatri/Khatri Chhetri(K.C. [16] The law also comprised Pryacitta (avoidance and removal of sin) and cra (the customary law of different castes and communities). Many Kshetris triennially celebrate clanwise Masto deity worship called Dewali Puja. The Sage Atreya is the person behind Atreya Gotra. Among them, the district with the largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. In addition, there are many priests among the Brahmin who provide services to other families of their caste and the Chhetri caste, they also work in shrines and temples, and support large festivals. [1], The Government of Nepal legally abolished the caste-system and criminalized any caste-based discrimination, including "untouchability" (the ostracism of a specific caste) - in 1963. Alphaltopi. It is a common belief that from Rishis who were the children of Brahma, eight gotras emerged. Kathmandu: Ministry of Population and Environment, HMG, Nepal. [17] Abhiman Singh Basnyat of Basnyat dynasty and Damodar Pande of Pande dynasty were both members of Chhetri caste. While this may sound offensive, it doesnt have to be. Reply. Brahmarshi Atri was one of the Sapta Rishis- the luminous sages in Hindu culture). If the funeral ritual is not celebrated, the deceased can not go further and instead will haunt the living in the form of an evil spirit. In the rural context, the traditional subsistence agriculture system and age-old caste structure have significantly changed, and a relationship based on wage labour on land is being developed.[25]. The villages are generally situated near rivers or springs, and the homes are connected by footpaths. Other geography / data: GMI. Please. With the exception of what is passed on to daughters in the dowry, all property, especially landed property, is taken over by sons. The mothers communities continue to suffer from caste-based were included in the study if . Classical dance, which happened in Nepal, is completely based on ancient culture and is founded for a . Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced ; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. His tally of 84 puts him as the fifth-highest goalscorer jointly with Ferenc Pusks in the . [16] Swarup Singh Karki, a leading politician and military officer, belonged to Chhetri family. After finishing five months girls or seven boys it eats the first rice meal called pasni. Nepali folk dance is the traditional dance which is performed in Nepal with the help of folk music and song. It comprises 126 types of castes and small types of ethnic groups. Returning home formally is considered a woman, a member of the caste. So lets make our world a better place and treat each other as humans and peers rather than people of castes. Generally, the Parvate/Pahari (hilly) Kshatriyas are called as Kshetris or Khas Kshetris. Identification. Everyone works on the field, but the woman spends more time during the day on housework and in the field. The Kunwars were led by Ramkrishna Kunwar and Bista/Bisht were led by Gajabal Bista and Atibal Bista. , Transliteration: Maawali ko thar jogaunu, Budamaawaliko ghar jogaunu. Mourning after the death of a loved one persists for thirteen days after death, which includes the exclusion of some ingredients from the diet, for example salt. " , ": Sewn with hundreds of flowers into one garland called Nepali. According to the 2011 census, 81.3% of the Nepalese population is Hindu, 9.0% are Buddhist, 4.4% are Muslim, 3.0% are Kiratist (indigenous ethnic religion), 1.4% are Christian, 0.1% are Sikhs, 0.1% are Jains and 0.7% follow other . [2][3] Hill-Kshetri, Kshetri, Chhetri, Pahadi Chhetri and Khas Kshetri are all used to denote this caste. 7188, This page was last edited on 5 October 2022, at 18:20. The caste system conjoints a structural class divide which persists, in which lower castes/ethnicities are generally socio-economically are not equal like those of higher castes/ethnicities. km, stretching 800 km from east to west and from 90 to 230 km north to south. Although violent acts are sometimes seen against them, especially when one of them enters, or terraces peacefully while walking the main artery of the city, nevertheless they are considered as holy beings. The village affairs are managed by a formally or informally formed council of elders, in which Brahmini and Chhetri often play a significant role due to the status of landowners and relatively high education. The caste system is still intact today but the rules are not as rigid as they were in the past. [34] The European Union has been accused of direct interference, creating ethnic strife and negative discrimination towards Khas Arya due to their recommendation to remove the reservation for Khas Aryas.[35][34]. February 7, 2022. He had not sufficient money to pursue his goals. How many caste are there in Nepal? The Nepalese Chhetri are the major ethnic group in Nepal. Then the mans special relationship with his ideals is raised, a special place in this mandala also has three species of animals associated with man a cow, a dog and a crow. Most surnames under Atreya Gotra includes Dawadi, Paudel, Rosyara, Sigdel, Sharma, Thapa, Bhatta, Duwadi, Aryal, Devkota, Dulal, Kalikote, Khadka, Pokharel. Brahmin Gotra and Caste List. Am Gai. Maharani Lalita Tripurasundari (nee Thapa). Sometimes she also decides to fight for a higher position herself. Stiller, L. F. (1993). Parashar comes from a Hindu scholar in Veda, namely Parashar rishi. The Achut perform the most polluted tasks, such as cleaning bathrooms. Then many sacrificial rituals are performed, animal sacrifices are also made, people feast and visit their close and distant relatives. People with Garga gotra have surnames as Lamichhane, Bhetwal, Chudal, Bhurtel, Acharya, Gajurel, Bastola, Rijal. Acharya > Newar-Brahman > Rajopadhyaya 38,193. Terai occupational castes Dhobi, Halkhor, Chamar, Dushad, Dom, Musahars, etc. The Marwadi people have lived in Nepal for several hundred years. Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced[tsetri]; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. Chhetri is the largest caste/ethnic groups having 16.6% (4,398,053) of the total population followed by Brahman-Hill (12.2% ; 3,226,903).". January 19, 2022 . Very few of the Nepalese in Nepal know Jesus. In March, the Holi festival takes place, differently Phagu the name comes from the Nepali name of the month Phagun in which people sing, dance and throw each other colorful powder and pour water. Chhetri. The Nepali civil code Muluki Ain was commissioned by Jung Bahadur Rana after his European tour and enacted in 1854. They are Saptarishis (, the famous 7 sages) - Kashyapa, Atri, Vashista, Vishwamitra, Gautama, Jamadagni, Bharadvaja, and the 8th is Agastya [1][2].There are 49 established Hindu gotras today[3] all of which are themselves or evolved from . What Is your Surname? The surnames under Kaushik gotra are Baniya, Thami, Phuyal, Luitel, Basnet, Budhathoki, Bistha, Basnet, Bidari, Dhungana, Dhital, Gaudel, Majhi, Pudaisini, Regmi, Sanjel, Sijapati, Dhital, Dhungana, Raghubansi, Rimal, Khadka, People with Gautam gotra have the following surnames, Dangal, Pandey, Tripathi, Chanda, Bam, Tiwari. Baptism is considered the ultimate proof of conversion, and the person performing the baptism can face up to a six-year prison term. Basnyat, Pande and Thapas were most powerful Chhetri groups led by Shivaram Singh Basnyat, Kalu Pande and Birbhadra Thapa at the Unification of Nepal. A surname is the family name passed down from generation to generation. Although they three have same surname, all of them are different.